Upcoming Due Dates For MRA Annual Financial Statements And The CARES Act

The Michigan Marijuana Regulatory Agency (MRA) issued an updated bulletin dated June 3rd, 2020 regarding the required annual financial statements for fiscal year 2020, pursuant to Section 701 of the Medical Marihuana Facilities Licensing Act (MMFLA).

Per the MRA bulletin, the requirements for the annual financial statements are as follows:

• An annual financial statement form report that contains the required procedures and schedules for fiscal year 2020 and instructions for proper completion of the report.
• The report is an agreed-upon procedures engagement that must be conducted by an independent certified public accountant (CPA) licensed in this state and performed in accordance with the statements on standards for attestation engagements.
• The CPA must communicate his or her findings in the report. No other report will be accepted. The licensee is responsible for filing the report with the Marijuana Regulatory Agency (MRA).
• All medical marijuana licensees that were initially licensed as of Dec. 31st, 2019, must file the report for fiscal year 2020. The report must cover all licenses held by the licensee at any time during the reporting periods.
• The report must be received by MRA by the due date. Licensees filling a late report will be forwarded to MRA Enforcement Division for possible disciplinary action.
• For this fiscal year, some licensees will be required to file two reports to bring reporting requirements current. The number of reports due for fiscal year 2020, and the reporting period for each report is determined by the date the licensee received its first license. The due date has been extended for some reports due to the ending date of the reporting period. Refer to the following blog for these details.

[irp posts=”8188″ name=”Annual Financial Statements Required by the MRA for FY 2019″]

Be sure to contact me (contact information at the bottom of the blog) to schedule a no-obligation consultation on planning and preparing for this annual requirement successfully.

Understanding the CARES Act

On Mar. 27th, President Donald Trump signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, the third phase of legislation aimed at fighting the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigating the related economic harm for families, workers, and businesses. It is the largest stimulus package in history with an estimated cost of $2.2 trillion.

The CARES Act, among other things, provides “recovery rebates” to individuals, expands and enhances unemployment benefits, extends loans and loan guarantees to eligible businesses, offers funding for the health care and education systems, and provides tax relief for businesses and individuals. Below, we will briefly discuss the business and individual tax provisions of the CARES Act.

Business Provisions

Deferral of Employer Social Security Tax

The employer share of the 6.2% Social Security tax on wages paid from Mar. 27th, 2020, through Dec. 31st, 2020, is deferred, with 50% due on Dec. 31st, 2021, and 50% due on Dec. 31st, 2022. A similar rule applies to 50% of self-employment tax liability of partners and sole proprietors.

Originally, employers that take advantage of loan forgiveness under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP, a CARES Act program involving certain loans for payroll and specified other expenses that is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration) were not eligible to defer the deposit and payment of the employer share of Social Security tax. However, that prohibition was repealed in June.

Employee Retention Credit

The CARES Act added a refundable payroll tax credit equal to 50% of qualified wages (including qualified health plan expenses allocable to the wages) paid by eligible employers from Mar. 13th, 2020 to Dec. 31st, 2020. An eligible employer is one whose:

• Operations were fully or partially suspended due to a COVID-19-related shutdown order; or
• Gross receipts declined by more than 50% when compared with the same quarter in the prior year (the employer remains an eligible employer in subsequent quarters until its gross receipts exceed 80% of gross receipts compared with the same quarter for the prior year).

If the employer has more than 100 employees, qualified wages include only wages paid to employees who are not working as a result of a COVID-19-related shutdown order or the significant decline in gross receipts. For employers with 100 or fewer employees, qualified wages paid during the period when the operations were fully or partially suspended or during a quarter in which gross receipts have significantly declined are eligible for the credit, even if paid to an employee who is still working.

The credit is limited to the first $10,000 of qualified wages paid to a particular worker. The credit is not available for wages taken into account in computing the sick leave or family medical leave credits under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act (FFCRA). Similarly, the credit is not available to employers who receive a small business interruption loan under the PPP.

Reinstatement of NOL Carrybacks

Following the passage of the law known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), net operating losses (NOLs) generated in tax years beginning in 2018 and later years cannot be carried back and can only offset up to 80% of taxable income in carryover years. The CARES Act permits NOLs from the 2018, 2019, and 2020 tax years to be carried back to the previous five tax years (beginning with the earliest year first) and suspends the 80%-of-taxable-income limitation through the 2020 tax year.

Taxpayers can elect to waive the loss carryback. For losses generated during the 2018 and 2019 tax years, the waiver is made by attaching an election statement to a timely filed return for the first tax year ending after Mar. 27th, 2020. For example, a calendar-year corporation with an NOL in 2018 would waive the carryback for the 2018 year by attaching a waiver election to its timely filed 2020 tax return.

Taxpayers cannot elect a reduced carryback period (e.g., there is no election to use a two-year carryback in lieu of the five-year carryback).

Tax Savings and Rates

Aside from the cash flow benefits, NOL carrybacks present an opportunity to secure permanent tax savings by using losses to offset income generated prior to the TCJA when the tax rates were higher. For example, a corporate NOL from 2020 can be carried back to offset income from 2015 that may have been subject to a 35% tax rate rather than carried over to 2021 when income is subject to a 21% tax rate.

In some cases, however, income in future years will be subject to higher tax rates than income in the carryback period, and the taxpayer may prefer to waive the carryback.

Depending on the taxpayer’s situation, it may be beneficial to pursue planning measures to accelerate deductions and defer income to increase the NOL available to be carried back. If 2019 was profitable but the taxpayer anticipates a loss for 2020, the planning may focus on accelerating income into 2019 and deferring deductions to 2020 to maximize the NOL for 2020.

The CARES Act also made a few technical corrections to the TCJA’s NOL rules. For example, NOLs generated in a year beginning in 2017 and ending in 2018 can now be carried back two years. As another example, for tax years after 2020, the 80%-of-taxable-income limitation is computed by increasing taxable income for deductions under Secs. 199A and 250 and is reduced for NOL carryovers from pre-2018 tax years.

Corporate Credit for Prior-Year AMT

The TCJA repealed the corporate alternative minimum tax (AMT) and provided an opportunity for corporations to claim a refund of minimum tax credit carryovers during 2018-2021. The CARES Act makes any remaining minimum tax credit carryovers fully refundable in 2019. Alternatively, corporations can elect to claim a refund for the unused carryovers in 2018.

Modification of Business Interest Limitation

The business interest limitation was added by the TCJA and generally limits the deduction for business interest expense to the sum of:

1. business interest income;
2. 30% of adjusted taxable income (ATI); and
3. floor plan financing interest.

Certain small taxpayers are exempt from the limit.

The CARES Act increases the limit to 50% of ATI for 2019 and 2020, potentially increasing interest expense deductions and thereby reducing taxable income (or creating an NOL that can be carried back). Taxpayers can elect to use their 2019 ATI in computing the 2020 limit, providing relief to those whose income declines in 2020. Taxpayers can elect to apply the more restrictive 30%-of-ATI limit if desired.

A special rule applies to partnerships in 2019. Instead of increasing the limit from 30% of ATI to 50% of ATI, half of the excess business interest of a partnership allocated to a partner is treated as business interest of the partner in 2020 and is not subject to the business interest limit at the partner level. The other half of the excess business interest expense is subject to the normal rules for excess business interest. Partners can elect out of this relief provision if desired. The 50%-of-ATI limit applies to partnerships in 2020.

The change presents an amended return opportunity for taxpayers who have already filed their 2019 tax returns with a restrictive business interest limit. The special rule for partnerships eliminates the burdens of filing an administrative adjustment request for those partnerships that have already filed their 2019 tax returns.

Bonus Depreciation for QHAHAualified Improvement Property

Under the TCJA, qualified improvement property (QIP) was supposed to have a 15-year cost recovery period and be eligible for 100% bonus depreciation. A drafting error, however, caused QIP to have a 39-year cost recovery period and be ineligible for bonus depreciation. The CARES Act retroactively corrects the drafting error for QIP acquired and placed in service on or after Jan. 1st, 2018.

The retroactive fix presents an opportunity for many taxpayers to accelerate depreciation, either by filing a Form 3115, Application for Change in Accounting Method, or, in some cases, by filing an amended tax return. Taxpayers that are required to use the alternative depreciation system (ADS) — including those who elected out of the business interest limitations — are ineligible for bonus depreciation on QIP.

In some cases, a taxpayer may wish to change a depreciation-related election for a previously filed return (e.g., to revoke an election out of the business interest limitation or to elect not to claim the 100% bonus depreciation). The IRS has granted relief that may permit this to be done.

Individual Provisions

Recovery Rebates

U.S. residents who are not dependents of another taxpayer will receive a “recovery rebate” of $1,200 ($2,400 for MFJ taxpayers), plus an additional $500 per qualifying child. The rebate begins phasing out for incomes over $75,000 ($112,500 for a head of household; $150,000 for MFJ taxpayers) and is reduced by $5 for every $100 that the taxpayer’s income exceeds the threshold. The rebate is available only for individuals and qualifying children who have a Social Security number.

The IRS began direct depositing the rebate in April for individuals who are eligible based on the income reported on their 2018 tax return (or 2019 return if they had already filed). If a taxpayer receives a rebate but their 2020 income makes them ineligible for the rebate, there is no requirement for the taxpayer to repay the rebate.

On the other hand, if an individual was not eligible for the rebate based on their 2018 or 2019 income but they would be eligible based on their 2020 income, they can claim the rebate as a credit on their 2020 tax return.

Waiver of Early-Withdrawal Penalty

The 10% penalty on an early withdrawal from a retirement account is waived for up to $100,000 of distributions for coronavirus-related purposes made on or after Jan. 1st, 2020. A distribution is coronavirus-related if made to an individual:

• Who is diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 or with COVID-19 by a test approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
• Whose spouse or dependent is diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19; or
• Who experiences, due to SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19, adverse financial consequences because of being quarantined, being furloughed or laid off, having work hours reduced, or being unable to work due to lack of child care or the closing or reducing hours of a business the individual owns or operates.

A taxpayer who takes a coronavirus-related distribution can either report the distribution as ordinary income ratably over a three-year period beginning in 2020 or can recontribute the funds to a retirement plan within three years to avoid tax on the withdrawal altogether.

Waiver of Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) for 2020

The CARES Act waives the RMD rules for certain defined contribution plans and IRAs during 2020. The waiver does not apply to defined benefit plans (i.e., pensions).

Charitable Contribution Provisions

The following favorable rules apply to cash contributions made during 2020 to certain charities:

• Individuals who do not itemize can claim an above-the-line deduction of up to $300 for such contributions;
• Individuals who itemize can deduct such contributions up to 100% of adjusted gross income; and
• C corporations can deduct such contributions up to 25% of taxable income.

Contributions made to donor-advised funds are not eligible for the incentives.

The business deduction limit for contributions of food inventory is increased from 15% to 25% of the business taxable income.

Exclusion for Student Loan Repayment

Employees can exclude up to $5,250 from income for student loan repayments made by an employer after Mar. 27th, 2020, and on or before Dec. 31st, 2020. The exclusion is subject to the same restrictions as an educational assistance program (e.g., the payments need to be available on a nondiscriminatory basis to employees who meet criteria established by the employer, cannot be in lieu of other taxable compensation, etc.).

The exclusion appears to be available regardless of whether the student loan repayment has any connection to COVID-19.

Consider Your Options and Opportunities

The CARES Act provides timely cash tax savings for businesses and individuals to help them get through the COVID-19 pandemic and position themselves for success as the economy emerges from the pandemic. Amended return opportunities are available for the following changes brought by the CARES Act, among others:

• Five-year NOL carryback for losses generated in the 2018 and 2019 tax years;
• Two-year NOL carryback for losses generated in a year beginning in 2017 and ending in 2018;
• Repeal of the excess business loss rules for 2018 or 2019;
• Apply the 50%-of-ATI limit instead of the 30%-of-ATI limit in computing the business interest limitation for 2019;
• Suspension of the 80% of taxable income limitation on using NOL carryovers generated in 2018; and
• Apply 100% bonus depreciation to QIP placed in service in 2018 or 2019.

The Takeaway

Unfortunately, since the cultivation and sale of marijuana is illegal under federal law, marijuana businesses and certain ancillary businesses are not eligible to participate in many of the federal COVID-19 business relief programs. In a March 22, 2020, Twitter post in response to a Washington-based cannabis business owner, SBA confirmed that cannabis businesses are not able to access the SBA funded programs including the Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) Program. 

With the exception of businesses that produce or sell hemp and hemp-derived products (Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, Public Law 115-334), marijuana-related businesses are not eligible for SBA-funded services (OMB, 2 C.F.R. § 200.300).

— SBA Pacific NW (@SBAPacificNW) March 23, 2020

There are still several areas with unanswered questions. The IRS will inevitably continue to release guidance over the coming weeks and months. In addition, Congress may modify certain rules in upcoming COVID-19 legislation. State conformity will evolve over the coming months as state legislatures take action to respond to the pandemic.

*We are committed to working for you during this crisis via Skype, Zoom or phone. Read our COVID-19 Policy for more information. 

**The above content is sourced from the AICPA, The Tax Adviser publication

***Simon Gumma can be reached at:

Cannabis Legal Group

520 N Main St

Royal Oak, MI 48067

248-541-2600

simon@cannabislegalgroup.com

or at:

GummaCo, P.C. – CPA

888 W Big Beaver Rd, Ste 300

Troy, MI 48084

248-729-7171

simon@gummacpa.com